Or a black-and-white rotary telepone dial: “Telefonanschlusse von Juden werden von der Post gekundigt”—“Telephone lines to Jewish households will be cut off,” from July 29, 1940.With the approval of the Berlin Senate, which had sponsored the memorial competition, the artists put their signs up on light posts throughout the quarter without announcement, provoking a flurry of complaints and calls to the police that neo-Nazis had invaded the neighborhood with anti-Semitic signs. In the cases of disappearing, invisible, and other counter-monuments, they have attempted to build into these spaces the capacity for changing memory, places where every new generation will find its own significance in this past.In the end, the counter-monument reminds us that the best German memorial to the fascist era and its victims may not be a single memorial at all—but simply the never-to-be-resolved debate over which kind of memory to preserve, how to do it, in whose name, and to what end. No. 坪 つぼ … A landmark celebrating Prussian might and crowned by a chariot-borne Quadriga, the Roman goddess of peace, would be demolished to make room for the memory of Jewish victims of German might and peacelessness. The whole topic of memory again comes up here, with counter-monuments generating discourse and provoking thought in regards to the event they are related to. An example of this is the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial in Washington D.C. As a result, even as monuments continue to be commissioned and designed by governments and public agencies eager to assign singular meanings to complicated events and people, artists increasingly plant in them the seeds of self-doubt and impermanence. In doing so I hope to refine and adumbrate the concept of the counter-monument in Germany, the ways they have begun to constitute something akin to a “national form” that pits itself squarely against recent attempts to build a national memorial to the “murdered Jews of Europe” in the center of the country’s reunited capital, Berlin. Its outer surface would consist entirely of the roughly textured negative space next to the edges of book leaves. The quote from King on this memorial statesAs Michael commented above, the idea and usage of counter monuments is very impactful, and challenges how I now view monuments and memorials.Interestingly, I think counter monuments remind us that memory is inconsistent, that our perception of an event and our perception of our own memory of that event (regardless of whether we were there or not) is ever-changing and that even with the use of monuments and memorials to try to remember, the meanings of those memories can change (individually and collectively). His “Missing House” project thus became emblematic for Boltanski of the missing Jews who had once inhabited it; as its void invited him to fill it with memory, he hoped it would incite others to remember as well.In two other installations, only one realized as yet, artists Micha Ullman and Rachel Whiteread have also turned to both bookish themes and negative spaces to represent the void left behind by the “people of the book.” To commemorate the infamous Nazi book burning of May 10, 1933, the City of Berlin invited Micha Ullman, an Israeli-born conceptual and installation artist, to design a monument for the Bebelplatz, just off the Unter den Linden. On being awarded the project, Hoheisel described both the concept and form underlying his negative-form monument:I have designed the new fountain as a mirror image of the old one, sunk beneath the old place in order to rescue the history of this place as a wound and as an open question, to penetrate the consciousness of the Kassel citizens so that such things never happen again.That’s why I rebuilt the fountain sculpture as a hollow concrete form after the old plans and for a few weeks displayed it as a resurrected shape at City Hall Square before sinking it, mirror-like, twelve meters deep into the ground water.The pyramid will be turned into a funnel into whose darkness water runs down. Rather than filling in the void left by a murdered people with a positive form, the artist would carve out an empty space in Berlin by which to recall a now-absent people. 6. Counter Monuments can be seen all around us today, and in some cases, may go unnoticed because they are not seen as a counter monument by all who view them. Counterclaim definition is - an opposing claim; especially : a claim brought by a defendant against a plaintiff in a legal action.