The Common Carp has two barbels on each side of the head near the posterior end of the upper jaw. Growth is much slower in the temperate zone: here the fish reach the 1 to 2 kg body weight after 2 to 4 rearing seasons. The effect of intensive (industrial) aquaculture systems on the environment depends on the efficiency of waste management.There are many well elaborated types of carp production, so it is relatively easy to select production methods that accord with Article 9 of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries.
Lateral line with 32 to 38 scales. The maturity period of Asian carp strains is slightly shorter. Responsible aquaculture on the production level (Article 9.4., Code of Conduct) can be ensured by applying a strict process of licensing, in which the main principles of environment and ecological protection are considered.In some cases antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals have been used in treatment but their inclusion in this table does not imply an FAO recommendation.
The carp was a luxury food in the middle and late Roman period, and it was consumed during fasting in the middle Ages. Very variable in form, proportions, squamation, development of fins, and color. The precise boundaries of the native range are obscured by a long history of transplantation by humans (see Balon, 1995 and Barus and others, 2001). This characteristic distinguishes it from most native North American cyprinids, which typically have fewer than 11 rays and usually lack the spine-like ray.
The species has been an important food item for humans since ancient times. Additional morphological characteristics include 2–3 anal spines, 5–6 anal rays and 36–37 vertebrae (Froese and Pauly, 2011). In its native range, the species reportedly prefers to spawn during periods of high water over freshly flooded meadows at sites where the water depth is 25-50 cm (Berg, 1964; Balon, 1995). The teeth on the bottom plate point upwards towards a hard bony plate in the roof of the throat. Two pairs of barbels at angle of mouth, shorter ones on the upper lip. Anal fin with 6-7 soft rays; posterior edge of 3rd dorsal and anal fin spines with sharp spinules. The common carp (C. carpio) is a widespread freshwater teleost from the family Cyprinidae that originated from eutrophic waters in lakes and large rivers in Europe and Asia.The carp’s body is fully covered by imbricated/overlapped elasmoid scales anchored in the dermis pocket, as shown in Figure 1A. Number of vertebrae: 36-38. The transitional forms are the strongly or slightly-scaled irregular mirror or scattered carp (Pintér, 1989; Bakos and Gorda, 2001). The Common Carp has two barbels on each side of the head near the posterior end of the upper jaw. In its native range, the species occurs in coastal areas of the Caspian and Aral Seas (Berg, 1964; Kazancheev, 1981, The species is tolerant to a wide range of environmental conditions. These features include being found predominantly in fresh water and possessing Weberian ossicles, an anatomical structure derived from the first five anterior-most vertebrae, and their corresponding ribs and neural crests. The largest known specimen captured to date was a 37.3 kg individual taken in Romania (IGFA, 2001). The quantity of released eggs is 100 to 230 g/kg body weight. The effect of extensive carp farming on the environment is negligible or even positive, since the carp help to maintain aerobic bottom conditions. Still, common carp is one of the most widely cultured freshwater fish species in the world (Welcomme, 1988; HasanAquaculture production of common carp increases parallel to the increase of global aquaculture production of freshwater fishes. Caudal fin with 3 spines and 17-19 rays (Ref. Carp are mainly bottom dwellers but search for food in the middle and upper layers of the water body. It is somewhat puzzling that although the Common Carp has been reported from estuarine and marine regions in Europe, Asia, and North America, laboratory experiments generally report limited salinity tolerance.