Demystifying Globalization. Political Responses to Rising Unemployment. London: Routledge, pp. Comparaisons avec les pays de l'Union Européene. The real problems of contemporary economies are overregulated labor markets and the excessive taxation which finances overgenerous welfare states. "Europa als Sozialstaatð ", in Bernhard Schäfers (ed.). An independent central bank, strong corporatism and consociationalism all increase the likelihood of well-thought out economic policies which are predictable and compatible with price stability and low unemployment. As in the case of the unavoidable reform of the welfare state, the roots of the problem were domestic for the most part; but the respective coalitions of interest groups and politicians could be made fluid by using globalization as a pretext (Sciarini 1994).The same is true of rules limiting economic competition in Switzerland. Globalization is not something new, it is something that can be traced back to times as early as the third century when goods were being passed all over India and Asia over the silk road. Osnabrück: Universität Osnabrück, Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften.Kriesi, Hanspeter (1982). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.Lijphart, Arend (1994). The German Bundesrepublik is a case in point. The Swiss National Bank is just such an independent central bank, geared toward price stability, creating a favorable environment for investment.Social partnership, or more precisely, corporatism is another institutional asset for a national economy in hard times. The rapid expansion of state intervention has been accompanied in many cases by problems of soaring public deficits and debts, making those countries particularly vulnerable to increasing international economic interconnectedness.In the press as well as the scientific literature, globalization is thought to narrow the scope of policy making. Consociational democracies are not inferior to competitive democracies. Swiss Corporatism in Comparative Perspective", West European Politics 20: 164-179.Armingeon, Klaus (1998a). The Negative Effects Of Globalization In India, India And Canada 1714 Words | 7 Pages. Negative Effects of Globalization. Ed. In addition, they point to the following factors: (1) the long-term perspective of and the predictability of policy-making in consociational democracies which is largely independent of electoral change; (2) the utilization of the expertise of all relevant political and social elites, irrespective of the party in government; (3) the support of all major actors during the implementation phase of policy. The recent globalization process poses significant challenges to small developing economies such as those in the Caribbean, which are already dealing with a number of issues in their pursuit of sustainable development. According to Hefeker and others, this best policy means severely limited state intervention in the economy, which presupposes major reforms of social and economic policies in most Western countries.Comparative policy analysis, however, demonstrates that such basic reforms are unlikely to occur. Does globalization entail the convergence of policies towards neo-liberalism and the end of a distinctive national path of policy development? Negative effects of globalization. Bern: Haupt, pp. The larger European countries such as the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Spain follow the pack, while Italy occupies the 23rd place.Overall, global interconnection has increased significantly over the past two-and-a-half decades. In that sense, the discourse about globalization creates a window of opportunity for reformers, which can be used in quite different ways. In addition, the Western welfare state is the creation of Catholic-conservative and social democratic political parties (Flora 1993; Schmidt 1998; Kersbergen 1995), which are unwilling to sacrifice this major achievement for insecure economic returns.